Molecular Biology

Role of Recombinant DNA technology to improve life Recombinant DNA technology is the technique or method through which we can isolate and clone the single copy of gene or DNA segment into multiple copies which are all identical. The recombinant DNA molecules are then introduced into the host cells machinery where they propagate and multiply, this method or technique is referred as Recombinant DNA technology.

This document summarises the basic of DNA cloning. It describes the mechanism of gene cloning, bacterial transformation, screening for recombinants, vectors, genomic library cloning, and cDNA library cloning.

This document summarises the mechanism of protein translation in detail. It discusses the genetic code, properties of tRNA, tRNA synthetases, ribosomes, mechanism of translation (initiation, elongation and termination.

This document summarises the detailed mechanism of DNA replication. It explains DNA replication mechanism, function, proteins/enzymes involved in replication, problems of DNA synthesis, process of lagging strand synthesis, DNA polymerase III, mechanism ensuring the accuracy of DNA replication.

This document summarises the fundamentals of DNA hybridisation. It includes DNA denaturation, renaturation, hypochromic/hyperchromic effect, melting temperature, renaturation curves, and DNA sequencing.

This document summarises the fundamentals of protein transcription. It explains RNA polymerase, detailed mechanism of transcription, prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription, and RNA processing.

This document summarises the genetics behind complex traits.

This document summarises the secondary structure of DNA. It describes the elemental composition of DNA, Watson-Crick base pairing, B form DNA, and DNA geometry.

This document summarises the fundamentals of the DNA primary structure. It describes the basic structure of a nucleotide, DNA vs RNA structure, nucleotide polymerisation, and RNA hydrolysis.

This document summarises the scientific application of DNA cloning. It describes the uses of cloning such as transgenic mice, knockout mice, agriculture, and medicine